1. Deterrence, which includes specific deterrence (punishment of the offender) and general deterrence (example to others).
  2. Retribution
  3. Incapacitation of dangerous offenders
  4. Rehabilitation of offenders
  5. Restoration of victims (or the community)
  6. Attainment of uniformity in sentencing .
  7. In some societies, there is also a religious aspect to punishment.